Print

Diarrhea

Diarrhea1Everyone has diarrhea at one time or another. We all have our own idea of exactly what diarrhea is. Is it one liquid stool each day? Is it several soft, semiformed stools each day? Or is it frequent, watery stools throughout the day and even the night? Stool is made up mostly of water. For the average person in the Western World, the maximum daily amount of water in stool is generally no more than 7 oz. or 200 ml (8 oz. = 1 cup). When it is consistently more, then medically it is called diarrhea.

 

Causes of Diarrhea

There are many causes of diarrhea. Fortunately, in most instances, the change in bowel habits is short lived and clears up on its own. In these cases, we assume it is a virus infection or even "something I ate." Whenever diarrhea lasts more than two or three weeks, medical advice is generally recommended. Among the many known causes are:

 

Diagnosis

The discovery of the cause of diarrhea may be very simple, such as discontinuing magnesium containing antacids. Or it may be more difficult. Testing of blood and stool may be needed. X-rays and ultrasound may also be necessary. In some cases, sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy are required to visually inspect the colon with a lighted, flexible tube. Testing depends on how severe and prolonged the condition is, and how the physician evaluates each case.

 

Treatment

There are simple things that can be done at the beginning of a diarrheal episode which may help reduce symptoms. Taking only liquids by mouth and avoiding solid food and milk may be helpful. Over-the-counter constipating agents, such as Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate, or Imodium can also be tried. For explosive or persistent diarrhea, treatment will obviously depend on the cause. Fortunately, the source of diarrhea can almost always be found and effective treatment is then usually available.

 

In Summary

Diarrhea is a common problem which is usually not serious. If it is severe or persistent, a specific diagnosis should be sought. By working closely with the physician, effective treatment is almost always available.